Animal Bites / Injuries

Animal Quarantine:

• The only species for which the 10 -day quarantine is formally recognized are dogs, cats, and ferrets. Wild animals are never quarantined (they are euthanized and tested, with the exception of very low-risk species such as lagomorphs and small rodents). Large domestic animals (cattle, horses, etc.) and captive wild animals (e.g., non -human primates) are handled on a case-by-case basis.
• If a quarantine is warranted, the LPHA should contact the animal owner to establish quarantine at an animal control facility (if available) or local veterinarian 's clinic (at animal owner’s expense as required in 322.140 RSMo). A home quarantine may be acceptable under some circumstances, as described below.
• If a secure animal control facility or veterinarian’s clinic is not available/used, the LPHA should present the animal owner with notice that the owner must quarantine the animal in a secure location and that they are assuming all liability for the quarantine (including patient medical care if the animal escapes from quarantine and postexposure prophylaxis is required).
• If the owner is unwilling to quarantine the animal, DHSS may issue an “Order of Quarantine” to the local law enforcement official to quarantine the animal.

Animal Testing:

Testing of animals for rabies in lieu of quarantine is indicated in some instances, including:

1. Dogs, cats, and ferrets currently exhibiting symptoms compatible with rabies.

2. Unwanted dogs, cats, and ferrets that would be euthanized following a quarantine (if one was to be accomplished).

3. Wild animals, with the usual exception of lagomorphs and small rodents.

• Animals are tested for rabies by having the brain tested at the Missouri State Public Health Laboratory (SPHL). There are no reliable rabies tests that can be conducted on a living animal.
• The LPHA should have the person in possession of the animal (owner, animal control officer, etc.) present the animal to a veterinarian for euthanasia, removal of the head, and packaging of the specimen for shipment to the laboratory. These procedures may vary with the species of animal involved, e.g., the entire body of small animals such as puppies and kittens may be shipped to the laboratory in lieu of removing the head; the brain of very large animals (horses, cattle) should be removed from the skull and shipped to the laboratory.
• The LPHA should advise the veterinarian on matters such as method of packaging specimens, address and point of contact at the laboratory, and courier pick -up points for the SPHL. LPHA staff should not personally euthanize animals nor conduct any invasive procedures needed to ship specimens to the laboratory. Staff may package those specimens where the entire body is submitted, as long as they take precautions again st contamination (e.g., use gloves when handling the animal).
• If the owner is unwilling to have an animal tested for rabies, DHSS may issue an “Order to Euthanize and Test for Rabies” to the local law enforcement official to have the animal presented to a veterinarian so the appropriate specimen can be submitted to the laboratory.