Course References

References

1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Strategic Plan for the Elimination of Childhood Lead Poisoning. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health and Human Service, 1991.

2 Mahaffey KR, Annest JL, Roberts J, Murphy RS. National estimates of blood lead levels: United States, 1976-1980: association with selected demographic and socioeconomic factors. NEJM 1983; 308:1373-1377.

3 Brody DJ, Pirkle JL, Kramer RA, Flegal KM, Matte TE, Gunter EW, Paschal DC. Blood lead levels in the US population. Phase 1 of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988 to 1991), JAMA. 1994; 272:277-283.

4 Pirkle JL, Brody DJ, Gunter EW, Kramer RA, Paschal DC, Flegal KM, Matte TD. The decline in blood lead levels in the United States. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). JAMA . 1994; 272:284-291.

5 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preventing lead poisoning in young children: a statement by the Centers. Atlanta: Centers for Disease Control, 1991.

6 Mushak P, Davis JM, Crocetti AF, Grant LD. Prenatal and postnatal effects of low-level lead exposure: Integrated summary of a report to the US Congress on childhood lead exposure . Environ Res . 1989; 50:11-36.

7 Schonfeld DJ. New developments in pediatric lead poisoning. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 1993; 5:537-544.

8 Dietrich KN, Berger OG, Succop PA, Hammond PB, Bornschein RL. The developmental consequences of low to moderate prenatal and postnatal lead exposure: Intellectual attainment in the Cincinnati lead study cohort following school entry. Neurotocol Teratol 1993; 15:37-44.

9 Schwartz J, Otto D. Blood lead, hearing thresholds, and neurological development in children and youth. Arch Env Health . 1987; 42:153-160.

10 McMichael AJ, Baghurst PA, Vimpani GV, Wigg NR, Robertson EF, Tong S. Tooth lead levels and IQ in school-age children: The Port Pirie cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 1994; 6:489-499.

11 Bellinger DC, Stiles KM, Needleman HL. Low-level lead exposure, intelligence, and academic achievement: A long-term follow-up study. Pediatrics 1992; 90:855-861.

12 AAP Committee on Environmental Health. Lead poisoning: from screening to primary prevention. Pediatrics. 1993; 92:176-183.

13 Chao J, Kikano GE. Lead poisoning in children. Am Fam Physician. 1993; 47:113-120.

14 Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993. Chicago: American Medical Association, 1993.

Committee Members:
F. Leland McClure III, M.Sci., Ph.D., D-ABFT; Diplomate, American Board of Forensic Toxicology; Quest Diagnostics, St Louis, MO

Kimberly L. Crafton, CHES, Health Educator, Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services, Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program, Jefferson City, MO