Follow-Up Review of Air Monitoring Data - August 2013

August 26, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air sample data collected for the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) near Bridgeton Landfill on August 26, 2013. Samples were collected at two locations upwind of the landfill and two locations downwind of the landfill for laboratory determination of concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, reduced sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide. DHSS has reviewed this data for evaluation of potential public health concerns of short-term health effects.

VOCs

Concentrations of VOCs were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 18 VOCs were detected in ambient air in concentrations that generally exceeded concentrations detected upwind of the landfill. VOC concentrations ranged from 0.07 parts per billion (ppb) to 11.5 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Aldehydes

Concentrations of aldehydes were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 9 aldehydes were detected which ranged in concentration from 0.06 ppb to 2.2 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Reduced sulfur compounds were not detected in any of the samples. While low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were detected by the Jerome meter in downwind locations on the same day, those concentrations were less than the detection limits of the laboratory analysis. During the 4-hour sample collection period, reduced sulfur compounds were also not detected by the AreaRAE monitor located in a nearby downwind location.

Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur dioxide was not detected in any of the samples. During the 4-hour sample collection period, sulfur dioxide was also not detected by the AreaRAE monitor located in a nearby downwind location.

August 26 - 29, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 26 to the afternoon of August 29, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light odors during this time period at locations north, east, and southeast of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the south and southwest.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors east of the landfill on August 26, north and east of the landfill on August 27, east of the landfill on August 28, and east and southeast of the landfill on August 29 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 9.3 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For one hour on August 26 and three hours on August 28 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. For 15 hours on August 28 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide.  However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern.

  • Sulfur dioxide was briefly detected at the monitoring locations east and west of the landfill. However, the average concentrations of sulfur dioxide were less than 0.01 parts per million (ppm) and did not exceed health-based guidelines for acute exposure.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • For nine hours on August 27, five hours on August 28, and six hours on August 29 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, the average total VOC concentration exceeded a level that indicates the need for compound-specific sampling.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at other times at the monitoring locations east and west of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same locations.
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 22 - 26, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 22 to the afternoon of August 26, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light odors during this time period at locations east, northeast, west, and southwest of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the east, south, southeast, and southwest.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected moderate odors west and southwest of the landfill on August 23 and 24, and only low odors at other locations surrounding the landfill using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 9.5 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For two hours on August 24 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, two hours on August 22, seven hours on August 23, and three hours on August 24 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, and one hour on August 24 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern.

  • Sulfur dioxide was briefly detected at the monitoring location west of the landfill. However, the average concentration of sulfur dioxide was less than 0.01 parts per million (ppm) and did not exceed health-based guidelines for acute exposure.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air except for a limited time period in low concentrations below levels of public health concern.

  • Benzene was briefly detected at several surveillance locations surrounding the landfill on August 24. However, the maximum concentration of benzene detected was less than 0.009 ppm and did not exceed health-based guidelines for acute exposure.
  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • Average total VOC concentrations were not at a level that indicates a need for compound-specific sampling.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 21, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air sample data collected for the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) near Bridgeton Landfill on August 21, 2013. Samples were collected at two locations upwind of the landfill and two locations downwind of the landfill for laboratory determination of concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, reduced sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide. DHSS has reviewed this data for evaluation of potential public health concerns of short-term health effects.

VOCs

Concentrations of VOCs were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 24 VOCs were detected in ambient air in concentrations that generally exceeded concentrations detected upwind of the landfill. VOC concentrations ranged from 0.08 parts per billion (ppb) to 15.6 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Aldehydes

Concentrations of aldehydes were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 7 aldehydes were detected which ranged in concentration from 0.18 ppb to 1.9 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Reduced sulfur compounds were not detected in any of the samples. While low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were detected by the Jerome meter in downwind locations on the same day, those concentrations were less than the detection limits of the laboratory analysis. During the 4-hour sample collection period, reduced sulfur compounds were detected by one AreaRAE monitor located in a nearby downwind location. However, AreaRAE concentrations are total reduced sulfur compound concentrations. Concentrations of individual compounds were apparently less than the detection limit of the laboratory analysis.

Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur dioxide was not detected in any of the samples. During the 4-hour sample collection period, sulfur dioxide was also not detected by the AreaRAE monitor in a nearby downwind location.

August 19 - 22, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 19 to the afternoon of August 22, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light odors during this time period at locations north, northeast, south, and southwest of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the south and southwest.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors south and southwest of the landfill on August 19-August 20, northeast of the landfill on August 21, and north of the landfill on August 22 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 8.8 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For eight hours on August 19 and four hours on August 20 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, six hours on August 20 and seven hours on August 21 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, and two hours on August 21 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern.

  • Sulfur dioxide was briefly detected at the monitoring location west of the landfill. However, the average concentration of sulfur dioxide was less than 0.01 parts per million (ppm) and did not exceed health-based guidelines for acute exposure.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • For seven hours on August 21 and ten hours on August 22 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, the average total VOC concentration exceeded a level that indicates the need for compound-specific sampling.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at other times at the monitoring locations south and west of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same locations.
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 15 - 19, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 15 to the afternoon of August 19, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light to moderate odors during this time period at locations south, southwest, and west of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the east, southeast, and northeast until August 19, when winds were from the south and southwest.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light to moderate odors south and southwest of the landfill on August 15-August 18 and light odors west of the landfill on August 19 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 5.1 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For five hours on August 18 and three hours on August 19 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern.

  • Sulfur dioxide was briefly detected at the monitoring location west of the landfill. However, the average concentration of sulfur dioxide was less than 0.01 parts per million (ppm) and did not exceed health-based guidelines for acute exposure.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • For one hour on August 16 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, the average total VOC concentration exceeded a level that indicates the need for compound-specific sampling.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at other times at the monitoring locations east and west of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same locations.
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 14, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air sample data collected for the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) near Bridgeton Landfill on August 14, 2013. Samples were collected at two locations upwind of the landfill and two locations downwind of the landfill for laboratory determination of concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, reduced sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide. DHSS has reviewed this data for evaluation of potential public health concerns of short-term health effects.

VOCs

Concentrations of VOCs were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 23 VOCs were detected in ambient air, which ranged in concentration from 0.07 parts per billion (ppb) to 13.5 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Aldehydes

Concentrations of aldehydes were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 5 aldehydes were detected which ranged in concentration from 0.13 ppb to 1.5 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Reduced sulfur compounds were not detected in any of the samples. While low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were detected by the Jerome meter in downwind locations on the same day, those concentrations were less than the detection limits of the laboratory analysis. During the 4-hour sample collection period, reduced sulfur compounds were detected by two AreaRAE monitors located in nearby downwind locations. However, AreaRAE concentrations are total reduced sulfur compound concentrations. Concentrations of individual compounds were apparently less than the detection limit of the laboratory analysis.

Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur dioxide was not detected in any of the samples. During the 4-hour sample collection period, sulfur dioxide was also not detected by AreaRAE monitors in nearby downwind locations.

August 12 - 15, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 12 to the afternoon of August 15, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light, moderate, and strong odors during this time period at locations south, east, southeast, and southwest of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the west, southwest, and northwest until August 13 and from the east, southeast, and northeast until August 15.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors south of the landfill on August 12; moderate and strong odors south, southeast, and southwest of the landfill on August 13; light to moderate odors south and southwest of the landfill on August 14; and light to moderate odors south and southwest of the landfill on August 15 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • The source of the strong odors is currently undetermined since the landfill cap was completed on August 7 and no invasive activities were reported at the site during this time. Other possible odor sources are being investigated.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 5.3 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For three hours on August 13 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern, except for a limited time period at one monitoring location.

  • For one hour on August 12 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, the average sulfur dioxide concentration exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure. While exposure to this concentration of sulfur dioxide may cause irritation or other short-term symptoms, considerable dispersion is expected to reduce potential exposure levels in nearby residential areas.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at the monitoring locations east and west of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same locations.  
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 10, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air sample data collected for the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) near Bridgeton Landfill on August 10, 2013. Samples were collected at two locations upwind of the landfill and two locations downwind of the landfill for laboratory determination of concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), aldehydes, reduced sulfur compounds, and sulfur dioxide. DHSS has reviewed this data for evaluation of potential public health concerns of short-term health effects.

VOCs

Concentrations of VOCs were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 24 VOCs were detected in ambient air in concentrations that generally exceeded concentrations detected upwind of the landfill. VOC concentrations ranged from 0.08 parts per billion (ppb) to 14.7 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Aldehydes

Concentrations of aldehydes were well below levels of public health concern. Downwind of the landfill, 6 aldehydes were detected which ranged in concentration from 0.13 ppb to 1.3 ppb and did not exceed health-based screening levels for acute exposure.

Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Reduced sulfur compounds were not detected in any of the samples. While low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide were detected by the Jerome meter in downwind locations on the same day, those concentrations were less than the detection limits of the laboratory analysis. During the 4-hour sample collection period, reduced sulfur compounds were detected by two AreaRAE monitors located in nearby downwind locations. However, AreaRAE concentrations are total reduced sulfur compound concentrations. Concentrations of individual compounds were apparently less than the detection limit of the laboratory analysis.

Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur dioxide was not detected in any of the samples. During the 4-hour sample collection period, sulfur dioxide was detected by one AreaRAE monitor located in a nearby downwind location. However, the average concentration detected was less than the detection limit of the laboratory analysis for sulfur dioxide.

August 8 - 12, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 8 to the afternoon of August 12, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light odors during this time period at locations south, southwest, and northeast of the landfill. Other local agencies reported citizen concerns of sporadic strong odors during this same time period.

  • Winds were predominantly from the east, southeast, and northeast, except on August 8 and August 12 when winds were predominantly from the south, southwest, and northwest.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors south of the landfill on August 8, light odors south and southwest of the landfill on August 9 – August 11, and light odors northeast of the landfill on August 12 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • The source of the odors responsible for the recent citizen concerns is currently undetermined since the landfill cap was completed on August 7 and no invasive activities were reported at the site during this time. Other possible odor sources are being investigated.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 6.5 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For three hours on August 10 and five hours on August 11 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. For two hours on August 10 and three hours on August 11 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern, except for limited time periods at one monitoring location.

  • For one hour on August 10 and one hour on August 11 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, the average sulfur dioxide concentration exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure. While exposure to this concentration of sulfur dioxide may cause irritation or other short-term symptoms, considerable dispersion is expected to reduce potential exposure levels in nearby residential areas.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at the monitoring locations east and west of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same locations.
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 5 - 8, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 5 to the afternoon of August 8, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light odors during this time period at locations north, west, and northwest of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the south, southeast, and southwest.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors north of the landfill on August 5, light odors northwest of the landfill on August 6, and light odors west and northwest of the landfill on August 7 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 8.2 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For two hours on August 6 and three hours on August 7 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, two hours on August 6 and one hour on August 7 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, and one hour on August 6 and five hours August 7 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern, except for a limited time period at one monitoring location.

  • For one hour on August 6 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, the average sulfur dioxide concentration exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure. While exposure to this concentration of sulfur dioxide may cause irritation or other short-term symptoms, considerable dispersion is expected to reduce potential exposure levels in nearby residential areas.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at the monitoring locations east, west and south of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same locations.
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

August 1 - 5, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of August 1 to the afternoon of August 5, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light and strong odors during this time period at locations north, south, northeast, and southwest of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the south, southeast, and southwest on all days, except August 4 when winds were from the east and southeast.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors south of the landfill on August 1, light odors north, northeast, and south of the landfill on August 2, and strong odors southwest of the landfill on August 3 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 6.1 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • For one hour on August 1, six hours on August 3, and four hours on August 4 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern, except for limited time periods at one monitoring location.

  • On August 3 and August 4 at the monitoring location south of the landfill, average sulfur dioxide concentrations periodically exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure. For six hours on August 3 and two hours on August 4, average sulfur dioxide concentrations ranged from 0.02 parts per million (ppm) to 0.05 ppm. While exposure to these concentrations of sulfur dioxide may cause irritation or other short-term symptoms, considerable dispersion is expected to reduce potential exposure levels in nearby residential areas.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • For two hours on August 2 and two hours on August 3 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, average total VOC concentrations exceeded a level that indicates the need for compound-specific sampling.
  • From the evening of August 1 to the morning of August 3 at the monitoring location east of the landfill, average total VOC concentrations exceeded a level that indicates the need for compound-specific sampling.
  • Average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded levels that indicate a need for compound-specific sampling at other times at the monitoring locations east, west and south of the landfill. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by other AreaRAE monitors stationed in the same location.
  • DNR is performing VOC compound-specific sampling in locations upwind and downwind of the landfill on a routine basis. The laboratory results are submitted for DHSS review of public health concerns.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.

July 29 - August 1, 2013

The Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) has reviewed air quality screening data collected by the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) at Bridgeton Landfill from the afternoon of July 29 to the afternoon of August 1, 2013. On June 7, DHSS began issuing follow-up reviews of the daily air quality screening data on a twice-weekly basis.

On April 23, DNR began routine, twice daily, surveillance of hydrogen sulfide, benzene, and odor levels around the entire periphery of the landfill. In addition, DNR has provided continuous monitoring of reduced sulfur compounds (reported as hydrogen sulfide), sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at three fixed locations. DHSS has reviewed both sets of data to identify potential public health concerns for short-term health effects. Generally, samples are collected near the property boundary and dispersion is expected to reduce exposure downwind of the sample locations.

Odors

DNR reported light odors during this time period at locations northeast, northwest, south, southeast, and southwest of the landfill.

  • Winds were predominantly from the south and southwest on July 29 - July 30 and from the west and northwest on July 31 - August 1.
  • During this time period, the DNR contractor detected light odors northeast of the landfill on July 29, northwest of the landfill on July 30, and south, southeast and southwest of the landfill on July 31 using a Nasal Ranger olfactometer.
  • DHSS continues to recommend that during periods of objectionable odor, sensitive individuals should stay indoors as much as possible, avoid outdoor exercise, and seek medical advice for any acute symptoms. Symptoms associated with exposure to strong odors include headache, nausea, and fatigue. Symptoms generally associated with strong odors typically disappear once the odors dissipate.
Hydrogen Sulfide and Other Reduced Sulfur Compounds

Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

  • The maximum concentration of hydrogen sulfide detected was 5.9 parts per billion (ppb) during routine monitoring. Hydrogen sulfide concentrations were detected by the Jerome meter, which is highly sensitive and specific to hydrogen sulfide.
  • During the overnight hours of July 29-30 and for one hour on August 1 at the monitoring location west of the landfill, average concentrations of reduced sulfur compounds exceeded a health-based guideline for acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide. However, these compounds detected by AreaRAE monitors are not just hydrogen sulfide but primarily another reduced sulfur compound with lower toxicity.
Sulfur Dioxide

Average sulfur dioxide concentrations were below levels of public health concern.

  • Sulfur dioxide was periodically detected at the monitoring location west of the landfill. However, average concentrations of sulfur dioxide were less than 0.01 parts per million (ppm) and did not exceed health-based guidelines for acute exposure.
Benzene and Total VOCs

Benzene was not detected in ambient air at any of the surveillance locations around the landfill.

  • Previous sampling has shown that, while several VOCs are present in the landfill source gas, benzene may be a primary VOC of public health concern.
  • At the monitoring location west of the landfill, average total VOC concentrations periodically exceeded a level that indicates a need for compound-specific sampling. However, these elevated concentrations were not verified by the other AreaRAE monitor stationed in the same location.
Carbon Monoxide

Average carbon monoxide concentrations were well below levels of public health concern.

Radiation Rates

Gamma radiation rates were well below levels of public health concern.

  • Gamma radiation rates continue to be at levels that are at or near natural background levels.